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	<title>Comments on: A large, truly global slump</title>
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	<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/</link>
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		<title>By: don</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125647</link>
		<dc:creator>don</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 18:54:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125647</guid>
		<description>As simply as I can, actual saving equals actual investment, but that is no guarantee that desired investment will equal desired saving. If actual saving grows and forces actual investment to exceed desired investment (people don&#039;t buy, so inventory is left on shelves), then business cuts back on output, forcing income (and actual saving) to decline.  This is the so-called paradox of thrift.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As simply as I can, actual saving equals actual investment, but that is no guarantee that desired investment will equal desired saving. If actual saving grows and forces actual investment to exceed desired investment (people don&#8217;t buy, so inventory is left on shelves), then business cuts back on output, forcing income (and actual saving) to decline.  This is the so-called paradox of thrift.</p>
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		<title>By: RebelEconomist</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125640</link>
		<dc:creator>RebelEconomist</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 18:15:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125640</guid>
		<description>don,

So, discredit the treasury view then.  Ad hominem arguments are not convincing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>don,</p>
<p>So, discredit the treasury view then.  Ad hominem arguments are not convincing.</p>
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		<title>By: don</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125638</link>
		<dc:creator>don</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 17:56:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125638</guid>
		<description>Twofish, do you argue that the yen was not deliberately undervalued in much of the postwar period? That is the real question. Currency manipulation both encourages exports and discourages imports.
The debate over the issue of whether saving should be encouraged in the present economic environment is not a real one and shows a very frustrating lack of economic understanding, more so when given credence by Nobel laureates in economics. Krugman is exactly right on this point. Fama, who recently espoused the idea of fiscal &#039;crowding out&#039; (the counterpart of Twofish&#039;s view that it is a good idea to encourage saving in the current environment) should be deeply embarassed. Fama stepped out of his areas of expertise and made a very basic blunder.  He has made significant contributions to finance, and he deserves great respect when he talks about the correct way to structure bank bailouts. But the arguments he presented showed that he was completely unaware of a substantial body of knowledge in the area of macroeconomics. He simply repeated an old argument (called the &quot;Treasury view&quot;) that has been thoroughly discredited.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Twofish, do you argue that the yen was not deliberately undervalued in much of the postwar period? That is the real question. Currency manipulation both encourages exports and discourages imports.<br />
The debate over the issue of whether saving should be encouraged in the present economic environment is not a real one and shows a very frustrating lack of economic understanding, more so when given credence by Nobel laureates in economics. Krugman is exactly right on this point. Fama, who recently espoused the idea of fiscal &#8216;crowding out&#8217; (the counterpart of Twofish&#8217;s view that it is a good idea to encourage saving in the current environment) should be deeply embarassed. Fama stepped out of his areas of expertise and made a very basic blunder.  He has made significant contributions to finance, and he deserves great respect when he talks about the correct way to structure bank bailouts. But the arguments he presented showed that he was completely unaware of a substantial body of knowledge in the area of macroeconomics. He simply repeated an old argument (called the &#8220;Treasury view&#8221;) that has been thoroughly discredited.</p>
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		<title>By: df</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125630</link>
		<dc:creator>df</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 16:51:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125630</guid>
		<description>sorry brad my post got lost again coz of the stupid question ... 
Hi rebel. 
I personnaly see nothing surprising in the present crisis. 
Long live India Brasil and France. 
Socialism is up, free market capitalism is out. 
Long live plannification, sustainable growth, energy economics. Death to hedonics. 
Let us have huge lay offs in the economics department globally. 

Finally the great upheaval is coming. The foolishness of past growth is revealed.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>sorry brad my post got lost again coz of the stupid question &#8230;<br />
Hi rebel.<br />
I personnaly see nothing surprising in the present crisis.<br />
Long live India Brasil and France.<br />
Socialism is up, free market capitalism is out.<br />
Long live plannification, sustainable growth, energy economics. Death to hedonics.<br />
Let us have huge lay offs in the economics department globally. </p>
<p>Finally the great upheaval is coming. The foolishness of past growth is revealed.</p>
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		<title>By: RebelEconomist</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125610</link>
		<dc:creator>RebelEconomist</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 13:09:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125610</guid>
		<description>Twofish,

You say &quot;Most of Japanese growth happened in the late-19th century and early 20th, in which import substitution was the favored system.  These are just facts.&quot;

I am sceptical, but this is potentially interesting.  Perhaps you could point us to said facts.

The debate about stimulus between Krugman and Fama etc was adversarial and unproductive, and I would be interested in having a civilised discussion here about it.  I thought Krugman did a poor job of answering Fama&#039;s point about where the extra output is supposed to come from, but one has to respect the empirical evidence that stimulus does seem to increase output.  The trouble is that it seems to be difficult to have a scientific debate about this issue because any question is taken as a partisan position.  I thought that &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/437694de-f602-11dd-a9ed-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Clive Crook in the FT&lt;/a&gt; was spot on about the present dysfunctionality of academic economics.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Twofish,</p>
<p>You say &#8220;Most of Japanese growth happened in the late-19th century and early 20th, in which import substitution was the favored system.  These are just facts.&#8221;</p>
<p>I am sceptical, but this is potentially interesting.  Perhaps you could point us to said facts.</p>
<p>The debate about stimulus between Krugman and Fama etc was adversarial and unproductive, and I would be interested in having a civilised discussion here about it.  I thought Krugman did a poor job of answering Fama&#8217;s point about where the extra output is supposed to come from, but one has to respect the empirical evidence that stimulus does seem to increase output.  The trouble is that it seems to be difficult to have a scientific debate about this issue because any question is taken as a partisan position.  I thought that <a href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/437694de-f602-11dd-a9ed-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1" rel="nofollow">Clive Crook in the FT</a> was spot on about the present dysfunctionality of academic economics.</p>
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		<title>By: Judy Yeo</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125597</link>
		<dc:creator>Judy Yeo</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 07:27:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125597</guid>
		<description>apologies, by region was refering to the eastern european region</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>apologies, by region was refering to the eastern european region</p>
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		<title>By: Judy Yeo</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125596</link>
		<dc:creator>Judy Yeo</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 07:25:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125596</guid>
		<description>Brad

heard the latest about the korean economy? wpould have thought the slight easinag of the yen situation would have solved the repayment pressure (considering many korean firms actually financed their loans in yen last year). Rumours shaking the markets revolve around the possibility of a currency crisis engulfing the koreans, which brings to mind the question, could and would the japnaese and chinese come to the rescue in meaningful time. Yves&#039;s highlighting of eastern europe&#039;s pre  carious state was certainly alarming, one wonders if the eurozone might not be dragged in further by the currency crisis that seems to be enveloping the region. Looks like the credit crisis has not just developed into a global financial crisis but rather into a financial chimera.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Brad</p>
<p>heard the latest about the korean economy? wpould have thought the slight easinag of the yen situation would have solved the repayment pressure (considering many korean firms actually financed their loans in yen last year). Rumours shaking the markets revolve around the possibility of a currency crisis engulfing the koreans, which brings to mind the question, could and would the japnaese and chinese come to the rescue in meaningful time. Yves&#8217;s highlighting of eastern europe&#8217;s pre  carious state was certainly alarming, one wonders if the eurozone might not be dragged in further by the currency crisis that seems to be enveloping the region. Looks like the credit crisis has not just developed into a global financial crisis but rather into a financial chimera.</p>
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		<title>By: Twofish</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125588</link>
		<dc:creator>Twofish</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 04:53:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125588</guid>
		<description>don: Yes, actually they do. That is why Krugman (and the bulk of the profession) favor government spending over tax breaks to spur demand - because part of the tax break goes to increase saving. A policy to encourage saving now is most definitely detrimental to the global economy.

I very strongly disagree.  If you increase savings and those savings go into gold bars or treasuries, this is bad.  If you increase savings and these savings go into starting new businesses and creating jobs, this is good.

What matters is not the amount of savings, but what happens to those savings.  If people start saving more money, and those savings go immediately to create new businesses and education, this is good.  The problem with broken banks is that without good banks, the savings gets absorbed fixing old problems rather than going into new things.

The reason you want to encourage savings is that policies that encourage savings take several years to establish, and you can&#039;t just switch on and off marginal propensity to save.

Don: And I’m sure you could find some that would argue that Japan’s export-led growth model was not a template for other Asian economies, but they would be equally mistaken.

Facts are facts, and people who claim that East Asian nations copied Japan just don&#039;t understand economic history.

The orthodoxy in economic thinking in East Asia was import substitution untilthe early 1960&#039;s, and Taiwan moved out of import substitution to export growth because it didn&#039;t have any other choice in the matter.  Taiwan didn&#039;t have domestic capital to fund intensive import substitution, so it had to move to an export oriented economy for lack of any other alternatives.

Most of Japanese growth happened in the late-19th century and early 20th, in which import substitution was the favored system.

These are just facts.

This also misses the point that the Japanese economy looks very little like the South Korean economy, the mainland Chinese economy or the economies of Hong Kong or Taiwan.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>don: Yes, actually they do. That is why Krugman (and the bulk of the profession) favor government spending over tax breaks to spur demand &#8211; because part of the tax break goes to increase saving. A policy to encourage saving now is most definitely detrimental to the global economy.</p>
<p>I very strongly disagree.  If you increase savings and those savings go into gold bars or treasuries, this is bad.  If you increase savings and these savings go into starting new businesses and creating jobs, this is good.</p>
<p>What matters is not the amount of savings, but what happens to those savings.  If people start saving more money, and those savings go immediately to create new businesses and education, this is good.  The problem with broken banks is that without good banks, the savings gets absorbed fixing old problems rather than going into new things.</p>
<p>The reason you want to encourage savings is that policies that encourage savings take several years to establish, and you can&#8217;t just switch on and off marginal propensity to save.</p>
<p>Don: And I’m sure you could find some that would argue that Japan’s export-led growth model was not a template for other Asian economies, but they would be equally mistaken.</p>
<p>Facts are facts, and people who claim that East Asian nations copied Japan just don&#8217;t understand economic history.</p>
<p>The orthodoxy in economic thinking in East Asia was import substitution untilthe early 1960&#8242;s, and Taiwan moved out of import substitution to export growth because it didn&#8217;t have any other choice in the matter.  Taiwan didn&#8217;t have domestic capital to fund intensive import substitution, so it had to move to an export oriented economy for lack of any other alternatives.</p>
<p>Most of Japanese growth happened in the late-19th century and early 20th, in which import substitution was the favored system.</p>
<p>These are just facts.</p>
<p>This also misses the point that the Japanese economy looks very little like the South Korean economy, the mainland Chinese economy or the economies of Hong Kong or Taiwan.</p>
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		<title>By: don</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125586</link>
		<dc:creator>don</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 01:06:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125586</guid>
		<description>don: &quot;However, right now we have a global deficiency in demand, and policies to artificially [encourage] domestic saving (currency interventions to deflate the local currency) are counterproductive and damaging to the global well-being.
Twofish:  &quot;Actually they don’t. If you increase savings and this savings goes to either consumption or investment, this is a good thing. If the investment creates long term productivity, this is a very good thing.&quot;
Yes, actually they do. That is why Krugman (and the bulk of the profession) favor government spending over tax breaks to spur demand - because part of the tax break goes to increase saving. A policy to encourage saving now is most definitely detrimental to the global economy.
It is a sign of the sad times the profession is in that one can quote Nobel laureates taking a position opposite to that of Krugman. 
And I&#039;m sure you could find some that would argue that Japan&#039;s export-led growth model was not a template for other Asian economies, but they would be equally mistaken.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>don: &#8220;However, right now we have a global deficiency in demand, and policies to artificially [encourage] domestic saving (currency interventions to deflate the local currency) are counterproductive and damaging to the global well-being.<br />
Twofish:  &#8220;Actually they don’t. If you increase savings and this savings goes to either consumption or investment, this is a good thing. If the investment creates long term productivity, this is a very good thing.&#8221;<br />
Yes, actually they do. That is why Krugman (and the bulk of the profession) favor government spending over tax breaks to spur demand &#8211; because part of the tax break goes to increase saving. A policy to encourage saving now is most definitely detrimental to the global economy.<br />
It is a sign of the sad times the profession is in that one can quote Nobel laureates taking a position opposite to that of Krugman.<br />
And I&#8217;m sure you could find some that would argue that Japan&#8217;s export-led growth model was not a template for other Asian economies, but they would be equally mistaken.</p>
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		<title>By: Dr. Fleischer</title>
		<link>http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/2009/02/13/a-truely-global-slump/#comment-125585</link>
		<dc:creator>Dr. Fleischer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2009 00:31:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blogs.cfr.org/setser/?p=4705#comment-125585</guid>
		<description>Yes, the economies are down various percentages. But when will they stabilize and stop going down? May be after 15%. This looks like 1929 all over again. Hungry third world people will not be passive as they starve.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yes, the economies are down various percentages. But when will they stabilize and stop going down? May be after 15%. This looks like 1929 all over again. Hungry third world people will not be passive as they starve.</p>
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